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Table 2 Bivariate correlations between personal values in adolescence and the outcomes in adulthood in Japan and the US (N = 516 in each country)

From: Association between personal values in adolescence and mental health and well-being in adulthood: a cross-cultural study of working populations in Japan and the United States

Japan

Mean (SD)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

US

1. Avoiding causing trouble

5.04 (1.5)

1.00

                

4.86 (1.8)

1.00

                

2. Positive evaluation

4.56 (1.5)

0.42*

1.00

               

4.97 (1.7)

0.49*

1.00

               

3. Belief

4.51 (1.5)

0.39*

0.46*

1.00

              

5.00 (1.7)

0.43*

0.48*

1.00

              

4. Financial success

3.97 (1.6)

0.25*

0.27*

0.47*

1.00

             

5.08 (1.7)

0.38*

0.36*

0.59*

1.00

             

5. Improving society

3.35 (1.5)

0.33*

0.32*

0.47*

0.53*

1.00

            

4.81 (1.8)

0.43*

0.35*

0.65*

0.72*

1.00

            

6. Interest

4.95 (1.4)

0.25*

0.36*

0.53*

0.34*

0.30*

1.00

           

5.57 (1.4)

0.35*

0.34*

0.54*

0.49*

0.55*

1.00

           

7. Social influence

3.35 (1.5)

0.23*

0.38*

0.46*

0.52*

0.68*

0.35*

1.00

          

4.83 (1.7)

0.38*

0.38*

0.63*

0.63*

0.79*

0.55*

1.00

          

8. Challenging

4.32 (1.6)

0.27*

0.41*

0.62*

0.37*

0.46*

0.58*

0.52*

1.00

         

5.02 (1.5)

0.36*

0.32*

0.58*

0.53*

0.64*

0.56*

0.74*

1.00

         

9. Care

4.95 (1.5)

0.53*

0.32*

0.48*

0.28*

0.32*

0.40*

0.25*

0.47*

1.00

        

5.32 (1.5)

0.45*

0.35*

0.59*

0.48*

0.53*

0.47*

0.54*

0.63*

1.00

        

10. Graduating from school

4.11 (1.6)

0.30*

0.45*

0.34*

0.37*

0.38*

0.27*

0.36*

0.40*

0.30

1.00

       

4.63 (1.9)

0.28*

0.35*

0.44*

0.50*

0.54*

0.36*

0.56*

0.49*

0.43

1.00

       

11. Stable lifestyle

4.53 (1.5)

0.41*

0.33*

0.38*

0.60*

0.41*

0.35*

0.38*

0.33*

0.46

0.53*

1.00

      

5.38 (1.5)

0.47*

0.32*

0.53*

0.62*

0.60*

0.53*

0.62*

0.58*

0.66

0.46*

1.00

      

12. Commitment to values

27.94 (5.2)

0.05

0.08

0.36*

0.13

0.06

0.48*

0.06

0.40*

0.35

0.08

0.15

1.00

     

31.47 (4.4)

0.18*

0.23*

0.45*

0.42*

0.47*

0.42*

0.51*

0.49*

0.41

0.35*

0.45*

1.00

     

13. Psychological distress

5.58 (5.4)

− 0.04

− 0.00

− 0.03

0.07

− 0.04

− 0.04

− 0.01

− 0.04

− 0.09

− 0.09

0.02

− 0.10

1.00

    

8.16 (6.5)

0.22*

0.21*

0.10

0.13

0.18*

0.05

0.19*

0.12

0.04

0.20*

0.10

0.03

1.00

    

14. HRQoL: physical

48.44 (6.3)

0.03

0.09

− 0.01

− 0.04

− 0.05

− 0.04

− 0.03

0.00

0.04

0.10

0.03

0.04

− 0.22*

1.00

   

47.38 (8.8)

− 0.16*

− 0.17*

− 0.08

− 0.05

− 0.11

− 0.01

− 0.13

− 0.09

− 0.06

− 0.11

− 0.02

0.02

− 0.55*

1.00

   

15. HRQoL: mental

45.85 (8.0)

− 0.04

− 0.02

0.01

− 0.07

0.06

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.09

0.07

− 0.04

0.11

− 0.69*

0.01

1.00

  

45.87 (10.7)

− 0.18*

− 0.19*

− 0.06

− 0.09

− 0.08

0.02

− 0.08

− 0.06

− 0.02

− 0.12

− 0.04

0.03

− 0.72*

0.45*

1.00

  

16. Satisfaction

2.43 (0.8)

0.07

0.06

0.04

− 0.05

0.10

0.01

0.07

0.09

0.15

0.10

0.01

0.12

− 0.43*

0.22*

0.43*

1.00

 

3.21 (0.8)

0.12

0.08

0.28*

0.24*

0.30*

0.15

0.32*

0.32*

0.22*

0.28*

0.25*

0.35*

− 0.18*

0.14

0.33*

1.00

 

17. Happiness

5.71 (2.4)

0.10

0.08

0.07

− 0.05

0.03

0.04

0.01

0.10

0.17*

0.11

0.02

0.16*

− 0.50*

0.28*

0.42*

0.72*

1.00

7.21 (2.1)

0.14

0.10

0.34*

0.28*

0.38*

0.21*

0.39*

0.38*

0.27*

0.36*

0.26*

0.43*

− 0.16*

0.12

0.33*

0.79*

1.00

  1. HRQoL health-related quality of life
  2. *p < 0.0037 (the significance level was reduced to 1/136 using Bonferroni’s method)
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Annals of General Psychiatry

ISSN: 1744-859X