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Table 1 Characteristics of the participants

From: Association between personal values in adolescence and mental health and well-being in adulthood: a cross-cultural study of working populations in Japan and the United States

 

Japan (N = 516)

US (N = 516)

p for difference

N (%)

N (%)

Gender (male)

260 (50.4)

258 (50.0)

–

Age range (years)

–

 30–34

129 (25.0)

132 (25.6)

 

 35–39

129 (25.0)

128 (24.8)

 

 40–44

129 (25.0)

128 (24.8)

 

 45–49

129 (25.0)

128 (24.8)

 

Ethnicity (US only)

–

 European Americans (white)

–

358 (69.4)

 

 African Americans

–

24 (4.7)

 

 Hispanic and Latinx Americans

–

47 (9.1)

 

 Asian Americans

–

38 (7.4)

 

 Native Americans

–

30 (5.8)

 

 Others

–

19 (3.7)

 

Educational status

 Junior high/middle/high school

157 (30.4)

46 (8.9)

< 0.001

 College/vocational school

127 (24.6)

72 (14.0)

 

 University/graduate school

221 (42.8)

388 (75.2)

 

 Others/refusal to respond

11 (2.1)

10 (2.0)

 

Employment status

 Regular/full-time

293 (56.8)

378 (73.3)

< 0.001

 Part-time

133 (25.7)

71 (13.8)

 

 Contract/dispatched

50 (9.7)

39 (7.6)

 

 Freelancer

34 (6.6)

12 (2.3)

 

 Others

6 (1.2)

16 (3.1)

 

Shift type

0.004

 Day-time shift

450 (87.2)

412 (79.8)

 

 Rotation-shift

55 (10.6)

81 (15.7)

 

 Night-shift

11 (2.1)

23 (4.5)

 

Occupation

< 0.001

 Managerial

41 (7.9)

142 (27.5)

 

 Professional/technical

105 (20.3)

221 (42.8)

 

 Clerical

162 (31.4)

45 (8.7)

 

 Sales/services

73 (14.1)

19 (3.7)

 

 Transport

14 (2.7)

7 (1.4)

 

 Production

77 (14.9)

12 (2.3)

 

 Agriculture/forestry/fisheries

5 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

 

 Others

39 (7.6)

35 (6.8)

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