Table 1 Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the global sample

Sex (male, %)

10

46

9

41

0.093

1

0.761

Age (M ± SD)^a

49.1

12.6

46.7

12.8

t = 0.629

42

Civil status^b

 Single

14

64

10

46

χ² = 2.889

2

 Married

8

36

10

46

 Divorced

0

0

2

9

Education (years)^a

13.9

3.7

13.6

3,2

t = 0.263

42

Employed (yes)^b

11

50

14

64.6

χ² = 0.834

1

Diagnosis^b

 BD I

19

86

12

55

χ² = 5.350

1

 BD II

2

14

10

46

Family psychiatric history (yes)^b

15

68

14

64

χ² = 0.101

1

Family history for other disorders (yes)^b

7

32

11

50

χ² = 1.504

1

Comorbidity (yes)^b

8

36

12

55

χ² = 1.467

1

Age at onset^a

28.5

8.8

28.8

14.8

t = − 0.099

42

Age at first psychiatric visit^a

28.5

8.7

32

13.9

t = − 0.987

42

Age at first hospitalization^a

33.1

13.2

28

8.8

t = 0.944

17

Age at first depressive episode^a

29

9.8

28.8

13.5

t = 0.056

40

Age at first manic episode^a

32

13.3

28.1

7.9

t = 0.921

29

Age first hypomanic episode^a

31.1

9.4

34.1

14.3

t = − 0.623

25

Course^b

 MDI

12

55

11

50

χ² = 14.186

3

 MID

3

14

4

18

 DMI

7

32

0

0

 IRR

0

0

7

32

Number of depressive episodes^a

4.1

3.6

3.7

3.5

t = 0.345

40

Number of manic episodes^a

2.5

2.1

2.9

2.6

t = − 0.552

32

Number of hypomanic episodes^a

1,7

2,3

2.8

2.2

t = −  1.564

36

Suicide attempts (yes)^b

2

9

2

9

χ² = 0

1

Psychotic symptoms (yes)^b

12

55

9

41

χ² = 0.820

1

Aggressiveness (yes)^b

15

68

13

59

χ² = 0.393

1

Number depressive episode last year^b

 0

5

23

6

27

χ² = 1.091

2

 1

15

68

12

55

 2

2

9

4

18