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Table 1 Demographic, anthropometric, dietary and psychological characteristics of study participant across the tertiles of energy-adjusted DTAC (n = 175)

From: Dietary total antioxidant capacity is inversely associated with depression, anxiety and some oxidative stress biomarkers in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study

Characteristics Tertiles of energy-adjusted DTAC P-trend**
T1 (n = 58) T2 (n = 59) T3 (n = 58)
Energy-adjusted DTAC, median (μmol/day) 14,262.79 18,462.49 23,208.09  
Sociodemographic factors
Age (year)† 56.0 (8.2) 55.0 (7.0) 57.0 (10.0) 0.4
Education (year)† 4.0 (6.0) 5.0 (6.0) 5.0 (6.0) 0.1
Menopausal years (year)† 6.5 (9.7) 4.0 (6.0) 8.0 (11.0) 0.9
Marital status n (%)*
Married 45 (25.7) 51 (29.1) 49 (28.0) 0.3
Single/divorced/single 13 (7.4) 8 (4.6) 9 (5.1)  
Economic status, n (%)*
High/average 18 (10.3) 22 (12.6) 21 (12.0) 0.5
Low 40 (22.9) 37 (21.0) 37 (21.0)  
Supplement use and medical history n (%)*
Dietary supplement use 33 (18.9) 36 (20.6) 42 (24.0) 0.08
Family history of depression 14 (25.7) 15 (25.7) 15 (25.7) 0.8
CVD 25 (14.3) 16 (9.1) 15 (8.6) 0.8
Metabolic disorders 12 (14.3) 21 (9.1) 20 (8.6) 0.1
Anthropometric and physical activity measures
Height (cm)† 154.0 (6.5) 155.0 (6.5) 155.7 (7.6) 0.1
Weight (kg)† 72.7 (11.8) 74.0 (12.6) 74.6 (12.3) 0.3
BMI (kg/m2)† 29.6 (8.4) 30.4 (5.5) 30.0 (4.7) 0.8
WC (cm)† 103.0 (13.6) 102.5 (14.0) 106.0 (13.6) 0.5
Physical activity (MET min/week)† 460.0 (462.0) 471.0 (789.0) 585.7 (1128.0) 0.02
Dietary factors
Energy intake (kcal/day)‡ 2369.4 ± 397.6 2138.4 ± 450.6 2324.6 ± 511.4 0.5
Carbohydrate (g/day)† 331.6 (110.7) 306.6 (103.4) 349.8 (108.4) 0.2
Protein (g/day)‡ 83.4 ± 17.5 77.2 ± 17.0 84.9 ± 20.7 0.6
Fat (g/day)† 74.6 (32.6) 67.6 (17.6) 67.0 (33.1) 0.01
Carbohydrate (%EI) 57.4 ± 5.8 60.3 ± 5.4 61.5 ± 4.9 < 0.001
Protein (%EI) 14.0 ± 1.9 14.5 ± 1.8 14.6 ± 1.8 0.1
Fat (%EI) 29.5 (8.7) 27.3 (6.0) 27.5 (6.4) 0.003
DASS-42 score
Depression† 8.5 (10.0) 6.0 (8.0) 5.5 (9.0) 0.03
Stress† 9.0 (9.0) 10.0 (9.0) 9.0 (10.0) 0.4
Anxiety† 8.0 (6.0) 7.0 (6.0) 5.0 (5.0) 0.02
  1. Socioeconomic status defined as: having 3 or less living items for low status, 4–6 living items for average status, and 7–9 living items at home for high status
  2. DTAC dietary total antioxidant capacity, CVD cardiovascular disease, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, MET metabolic equivalents task, EI energy intake, DASS depression, anxiety and stress scale
  3. ‡Data are expressed as mean ± SD
  4. †Data are expressed as median (IQR)
  5. * Number of subjects having the characteristic with %
  6. ** ANOVA test used for continuous variables and chi-square test used for categorical variables
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Annals of General Psychiatry

ISSN: 1744-859X