Characteristics | Tertiles of energy-adjusted DTAC | P-trend** | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 (n = 58) | T2 (n = 59) | T3 (n = 58) | ||
Energy-adjusted DTAC, median (μmol/day) | 14,262.79 | 18,462.49 | 23,208.09 |  |
Sociodemographic factors | ||||
Age (year)†| 56.0 (8.2) | 55.0 (7.0) | 57.0 (10.0) | 0.4 |
Education (year)†| 4.0 (6.0) | 5.0 (6.0) | 5.0 (6.0) | 0.1 |
Menopausal years (year)†| 6.5 (9.7) | 4.0 (6.0) | 8.0 (11.0) | 0.9 |
Marital status n (%)* | ||||
Married | 45 (25.7) | 51 (29.1) | 49 (28.0) | 0.3 |
Single/divorced/single | 13 (7.4) | 8 (4.6) | 9 (5.1) | Â |
Economic status, n (%)* | ||||
High/average | 18 (10.3) | 22 (12.6) | 21 (12.0) | 0.5 |
Low | 40 (22.9) | 37 (21.0) | 37 (21.0) | Â |
Supplement use and medical history n (%)* | ||||
Dietary supplement use | 33 (18.9) | 36 (20.6) | 42 (24.0) | 0.08 |
Family history of depression | 14 (25.7) | 15 (25.7) | 15 (25.7) | 0.8 |
CVD | 25 (14.3) | 16 (9.1) | 15 (8.6) | 0.8 |
Metabolic disorders | 12 (14.3) | 21 (9.1) | 20 (8.6) | 0.1 |
Anthropometric and physical activity measures | ||||
Height (cm)†| 154.0 (6.5) | 155.0 (6.5) | 155.7 (7.6) | 0.1 |
Weight (kg)†| 72.7 (11.8) | 74.0 (12.6) | 74.6 (12.3) | 0.3 |
BMI (kg/m2)†| 29.6 (8.4) | 30.4 (5.5) | 30.0 (4.7) | 0.8 |
WC (cm)†| 103.0 (13.6) | 102.5 (14.0) | 106.0 (13.6) | 0.5 |
Physical activity (MET min/week)†| 460.0 (462.0) | 471.0 (789.0) | 585.7 (1128.0) | 0.02 |
Dietary factors | ||||
Energy intake (kcal/day)‡ | 2369.4 ± 397.6 | 2138.4 ± 450.6 | 2324.6 ± 511.4 | 0.5 |
Carbohydrate (g/day)†| 331.6 (110.7) | 306.6 (103.4) | 349.8 (108.4) | 0.2 |
Protein (g/day)‡ | 83.4 ± 17.5 | 77.2 ± 17.0 | 84.9 ± 20.7 | 0.6 |
Fat (g/day)†| 74.6 (32.6) | 67.6 (17.6) | 67.0 (33.1) | 0.01 |
Carbohydrate (%EI) | 57.4 ± 5.8 | 60.3 ± 5.4 | 61.5 ± 4.9 | < 0.001 |
Protein (%EI) | 14.0 ± 1.9 | 14.5 ± 1.8 | 14.6 ± 1.8 | 0.1 |
Fat (%EI) | 29.5 (8.7) | 27.3 (6.0) | 27.5 (6.4) | 0.003 |
DASS-42 score | ||||
Depression†| 8.5 (10.0) | 6.0 (8.0) | 5.5 (9.0) | 0.03 |
Stress†| 9.0 (9.0) | 10.0 (9.0) | 9.0 (10.0) | 0.4 |
Anxiety†| 8.0 (6.0) | 7.0 (6.0) | 5.0 (5.0) | 0.02 |