Subgroups | Studies, n | Prevalence (%) | 95% CI | Type of infectious disease | Gender | Heterogeneity between groups (P value) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.989 |
 Developed | 15 | 7.47 | 3.79–14.28 | HIV | Both |  |
 Developing | 10 | 7.52 | 3.75–14.51 | HIV | Both |  |
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.710 |
 Developed | 8 | 7.72 | 3.09–18.02 | HIV | Men |  |
 Developing | 5 | 6.13 | 2.73–13.20 | HIV | Men |  |
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.660 |
 Developed | 7 | 7.11 | 242–19.09 | HIV | Women |  |
 Developing | 5 | 9.63 | 2.73–22.70 | HIV | Women |  |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.058 |
 High | 14 | 5.21 | 2.87–9.28 | HIV | Both |  |
 Moderate and poor | 11 | 12.13 | 6.29–22.10 | HIV | Both |  |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.352 |
 High | 7 | 6.43 | 2.96–13.39 | HIV | Women |  |
 Moderate and poor | 5 | 12.03 | 3.95–31.24 | HIV | Women |  |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.059 |
 High | 7 | 4.42 | 2.19–8.72 | HIV | Men |  |
 Moderate and poor | 6 | 11.99 | 3.95–31.24 | HIV | Men |  |
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.059 |
 Developed | 3 | 19.37 | 8.84–37.32 | HBV | Both |  |
 Developing | 1 | 7.53 | 4.03–13.62 | HBV | Both |  |
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.167 |
 Developed | 3 | 23.19 | 7.17–54.14 | HBV | Men |  |
 Developing | 1 | 9.43 | 5.15–16.65 | HBV | Men |  |
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.172 |
 Developed | 3 | 15.66 | 3.79–46.68 | HBV | Women |  |
 Developing | 1 | 4.88 | 1.84–12.29 | HBV | Women |  |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.370 |
 High | 1 | 10.75 | 5.62–19.60 | HBV | Both |  |
 Moderate and poor | 3 | 17.38 | 7.22–36.26 | HBV | Both |  |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.609 |
 High | 1 | 14.38 | 10.84–18.83 | HBV | Men |  |
 Moderate and poor | 3 | 20.57 | 4.85–56.80 | HBV | Men |  |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.458 |
 High | 1 | 7.55 | 4.67–11.96 | HBV | Women |  |
 Moderate and poor | 3 | 13.97 | 2.76–48.17 | HBV | Women |  |
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.182 |
 Developed | 4 | 6.21 | 3.56–10.62 | HCV | Both |  |
 Developing | 1 | 12.10 | 5.29–25.35 | HCV | Both |  |
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.031 |
 Developed | 4 | 7.61 | 3.46–15.94 | HCV | Men |  |
 Developing | 1 | 17.58 | 14.52–21.12 | HCV | Men |  |
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.352 |
 Developed | 4 | 4.65 | 1.65–12.41 | HCV | Women |  |
 Developing | 1 | 7.82 | 5.04–11.93 | HCV | Women |  |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.135 |
 High | 4 | 6.46 | 3.75–10.88 | HCV | Both |  |
 Poor | 1 | 10.99 | 6.93–17.00 | HCV | Both |  |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.940 |
 High | 4 | 9.20 | 4.33–18.49 | HCV | Men |  |
 Poor | 1 | 8.89 | 5.12–15.00 | HCV | Men |  |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.017 |
 High | 1 | 4.17 | 1.80–9.37 | HCV | Women |  |
 Poor | 3 | 14.08 | 7.75–24.24 | HBV | Women |  |