Table 2 Effect sizes concerning the various neurocognitive domains during different phases of BD as well as in high-risk relatives (endophenotypes)

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

 Premorbid IQ

Normal

Normal

 Current IQ

0.36–0.70

028–0.47

0.11–0.50

0.20

Psychomotor and mental speed

0.50–0.55

0.52–0.80

0.17–022

Attention

0.64

0.79–0.90

0.80

0.41–0.80

0.18–0.36

Memory

 Working memory

0.60

0.54–1.02

 Verbal memory

  Immediate

0.43

0.73–0.82

0.33–0.42

  Delayed

0.34

1.05

1.20

0.71–0.85

0.27–0.33

  Verbal learning

0.91

1.43

0.66–0.90

0.28

 Non-Verbal memory

  Immediate

0.26

0.73

  Delayed

0.51

0.62–0.80

0.13

 Episodic memory

0.62

Visuospatial function

0.65

022–0.57

Language/verbal fluency

0.63

0.51–0.59

0.93

0.34–0.90

0.27

Executive function

0.34–0.79

0.64–0.72

0.54-0.75

0.52–0.88

0.24–0.51

Social cognition

 ToM

0.75–0.86

 Emotion recognition

0.35

 Emotion decision-making

Normal