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Table 2 Cognitive function scores across study groups

From: Cognitive impairment in manic bipolar patients: important, understated, significant aspects

 

Bipolar group N = 137

Control group N = 62

p

Verbal memory

40.53 ± 4.16

48.73 ± 3.02

<0.0001*

Working memory

18 (10–28)

27 (24–29)

<0.0001**

Psychomotor speed

54 (42–74)

70 (64–72)

<0.0001**

Verbal fluency

46.02 ± 9.52

66.27 ± 2.69

<0.0001*

Attention and speed of information processing

42 (30–58)

59.5 (54–63)

<0.0001**

Executive function/reasoning and problem solving

13 (4–19)

21 (17–22)

<0.0001**

  1. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation for continuous parametric data and mean (range) for nonparametric continuous data
  2. NS no statistical significant (p ≥ 0.05)
  3. * Independent samples t test; ** Mann–Whitney U test