Major depressive disorder in a Kenyan youth sample: relationship with parenting behavior and parental psychiatric disorders

Table 1 Major depressive disorder among youth in relation to socio-demographic characteristics and duration of mental disorder

Variables	Present (N= 133)		Absent (N= 112)		OR	95% CI		p Value
	n	%	n	%		Lower	Upper
Age in years
13 to 15	33	54.1	28	45.9	1.93	0.93	4.01	0.078
16 to 18	78	61.9	48	38.1	2.66	1.4	5.05	0.003
19 to 22	22	37.9	36	62.1	Reference
Sex
Female	53	53	47	47	0.92	0.55	1.53	0.737
Male	80	55.2	65	44.8	Reference
Position of birth
Only child/first born	68	61.3	43	38.7	1.74	0.68	4.44	0.247
Second born	37	67.3	18	32.7	2.26	0.81	6.3	0.119
Third born	10	27.8	26	72.2	0.42	0.14	1.3	0.134
Fourth born	8	36.4	14	63.6	0.63	0.19	2.13	0.456
Fifth born or higher	10	47.6	11	52.4	Reference
Level of education
Primary	37	54.4	31	45.6	2.03	0.81	5.07	0.130
Secondary	86	57.3	64	42.7	2.28	0.98	5.32	0.055
College	10	37.0	17	63.0	Reference
Marital status of parents
Single mother, never married	7	43.8	9	56.3	0.68	0.24	1.9	0.463
Widower/widow	22	55.0	18	45.0	1.07	0.54	2.13	0.852
Orphan	6	100.0	0	0.0	UD	UD	UD	0.999
Separated	3	60.0	2	40.0	1.31	0.21	8.03	0.770
Married	95	53.4	83	46.6	Reference
Duration of mental disorder
1 to 6 months	15	53.6	13	46.4	1.15	0.27	4.89	0.846
7 to 12 months	23	50.0	23	50.0	1.00	0.25	3.93	1.000
>1 to 2 years	40	57.1	30	42.9	1.33	0.35	5.03	0.671
>2 to 5 years	28	48.3	30	51.7	0.93	0.24	3.57	0.920
>5 to 10 years	16	59.3	11	40.7	1.45	0.34	6.25	0.614
>10 years	5	50.0	5	50.0	Reference
Unknown	6		0

The italicized value is at p < 0.05. CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; UD, undefined.

ISSN: 1744-859X